The staggering election burden

In 1999, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) under Justice Ephraim Akpata, spent over N32 billion to conduct the 1999 general election. At that time, there was no National Assembly. The approving authority then was the 33-man Provisional Ruling Council headed by General Abdusalam Abubakar. In 2003, INEC under Abel Goubadia spent over N60.5 billion to conduct the general election. In 2007, INEC, under Professor Maurice Iwu, spent over N74.2 billion to conduct the general election. In 2011, under Professor Attahiru Jega, INEC spent over N89.2 billion.

In 2015, under the same Professor Attahiru Jega, the Independent National Electoral Commission spent about N120 billion to conduct the general election. The breakdown is as follows: N4 billion for vehicles, N3 billion for collapsible ballot boxes , N5.4 billion for the review of the voter register, N10.8 billion for operations (personnel cost requirements and cost for registration of voters nationwide), N222 million for hotel accommodation for state INEC commissioners, N3.66 billion for logistics and transport, N502.5 million for training of staff for voter registration, N10.3 million for printing of voter register, N5.4 billion to clean up the electronic voter register after election, N155.5 million for Servicom, N64.78 million for electoral hazards allowance, N222 million for voter education, display of voter register across the 774 local government areas. In October last year, the National Assembly passed a budget of N242.2 billion for the conduct of this year’s election. Addressing members of the National Assembly committee, Professor Mahmood Yakubu, INEC chairman, defended the budget as what would be enough to conduct the poll. He said N134.4 billion would be used as operation cost while N6 billion was budgeted for feeding security officials during the election. He added that N27.5 billion will be used for election technological cost while N22.7 billion will be for the administrative cost.

Aishatu Dukku, chairman of the INEC committee in the House of Representatives, said the lawmakers would be transparent in considering details of the budget. “It is important for us to approach the budget proposal from both process and content perspective,” she said, adding: “It is only by so doing that one can begin to unravel the intricacies of the entire range of issues involved.” She also said the committee hoped the government would address issues that have to do with election funding “unlike the previous budgets that were not productive in the entire planning of elections.” The commission subsequently met with the senate committee on INEC over the same matter.

At the senate meeting, Professor Yakubu said the increase in the budget — as against the N120 billion requested in the 2015 elections — was necessitated by the increase in number of political parties, registered voters as well as high exchange rate.

The commission registered 91 political parties as against the 44 that were in place in 2015. “Also associated with political parties, is monitoring of party primaries, congresses and conventions. There is also the processing of nominations. We have 12,558 constituencies which mean INEC has to process about 141,778 nominations,” he added.

In justifying the huge cost of the election, the INEC chairman said in December in Abuja that the increase in the cost of election in the country was partly due to security and logistic.

At a validation workshop on the study of the cost of elections in West Africa organised by ECOWAS Network of Electoral Commissions, (ECONEC), in Abuja, Professor Mahmood Yakubu said the study was part of ECONEC’s two-year work plan (2016-2018) borne out of the serious concern of all electoral commissions in the sub-region about the spiralling cost of conducting elections.

Professor Yakubu said:  “With every cycle, the cost of elections keeps rising, making many countries unable to fund critical aspects of the electoral process as a sovereign responsibility. The ever-rising cost of voter registration and the compilation of a credible voter register, recruitment and training of electoral officials, provision of electoral logistics, election security, civic and voter education, procurement of sensitive and non-sensitive materials, deployment of electoral technology, undertaking regular engagement with stakeholders and handling of pre-election and post-election litigations are enormous.

“The task of meeting such extensive expenditure has increasingly challenged the national resources of many countries in our region. It is against this background that the governing board of ECONEC inaugurated this study to explore what we can do as election managers, working together with national stakeholders and development partners, to find ways to reduce the cost of elections without jettisoning new innovations or compromising the quality, transparency and credibility of elections.’’

According to him, ECONEC has undertaken needs assessment, solidarity and mid-term review missions to several member states. “The objective is for Election Management Bodies, (EMBs), in our sub-region to share experience, expertise and even pool resources not only with a view to ensuring best practice through peer review but also in order to reduce the cost of conducting elections among our member states,” he added.

Yet in spite of the huge amount of money allocated to INEC some of the elections were inconclusive.

In comparison, in January this year all the 36 states of the federation including Abuja shared N173.8 billion from the federation account. If we add what INEC has been allocated since 1999 to conduct the six general elections so far, it will be over N617 billion. That amount of money is enough to build the necessary infrastructure in the country.

No doubt this democracy of ours is becoming a burden. We are talking of a nation without energy, no basic infrastructure, bad road networks, etc. The election burden has become too much for our economy. We can’t continue this way.

Teniola, a former director at the presidency, writes in from Lagos.

• Teniola is a former director at the presidency.