6 risk factors that increase chances of developing stroke

World Stroke Day is marked every year on October 29 to raise awareness about stroke, its causes, prevention, and the importance of timely medical attention. A stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, causing brain cells to die. This leads to lasting damage or even death if not treated quickly.  

The theme for 2025 is “Every Minute Counts,” which highlights that quick recognition, immediate treatment, and prevention can save lives and reduce the impact of stroke.  

Factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, stress, and poor lifestyle habits are fueling a rising number of stroke cases.

In this article, Tribune Online takes a look at six major risk factors that increase the chances of having a stroke:

1. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

High blood pressure is the leading cause of stroke. When left uncontrolled, it weakens blood vessel walls, making them more likely to rupture or become blocked. Research shows that hypertension accounts for nearly a quarter of stroke cases. 

2. Tobacco Use

Smoking narrows blood vessels and raises blood pressure, while inhaling smoke reduces oxygen in the blood. This combination increases the risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Studies show smokers are about twice as likely to have a stroke compared to non-smokers.

2. Heart Disease

Heart diseases such as atrial fibrillation, heart valve disorders, and heart failure can cause blood clots to form in the heart, which may later travel to the brain and block blood flow. People with atrial fibrillation are up to five times more likely to suffer a stroke. 

Therefore, early heart screenings to prevent stroke and related conditions are necessary.

4. Diabetes

Diabetes damages blood vessels and causes fatty deposits to build up inside arteries, reducing blood flow to the brain. This greatly increases the risk of ischemic stroke. A study found that many stroke patients also have diabetes or high blood sugar levels.

5. High Cholesterol (Unhealthy Lipid Levels)

High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol cause fatty plaque buildup in arteries, which can block blood flow to the brain. Managing cholesterol is one of the most effective ways to reduce stroke risk.

6. Obesity and Physical Inactivity

Being overweight raises the risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease, all of which contribute to stroke. A sedentary lifestyle also weakens circulation and metabolism. Studies show that regular exercise can reduce stroke risk by up to 25%.