What are haemorrhoids?

My brother who complained of seeing blood in his stool was diagnosed with Haemorrhoids. Kindly let me know more about the ailment.

Brown (by SMS)

Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swellings containing enlarged blood vessels that are found inside or around the bottom (the rectum and anus). In many cases, haemorrhoids don’t cause symptoms, and some people don’t even realise they have them. Hemorrhoids can occur both above the anal canal (internal) or below the anal canal in the skin around the anus (external). However, they exhibit different symptoms depending on the location. Although usually painless, there may be some pain associated with internal hemorrhoids if they become thrombosed (develop a blood clot inside) or prolapsed for long periods of time. (A prolapse is the falling down or slipping of a body part from its usual position.) After a bowel movement, rectal bleeding may be noticed. Bright red blood may appear on toilet paper or in the toilet. The stool itself may also appear discolored. External hemorrhoids can be painful if thrombosed, but do not necessarily cause serious problems. The pain usually persists for only a few days. Swelling will usually subside in a few weeks. Hygiene is important when dealing with external hemorrhoids. Fecal matter must be kept from irritating the skin around the anus, which can cause more discomfort and itching.

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