Step-by-step guide on how to use a fire extinguisher

Knowing how to use a fire extinguisher can make a big difference during a fire emergency. By taking a few moments to understand this safety tool, you can be prepared to handle small fires before they become more prominent and more dangerous. 

This guide will take you through the basic steps to use a fire extinguisher safely.

Before you use a fire extinguisher, it’s essential to know that there are different types of extinguishers for various kinds of fires. 

Most homes and offices have a multi-purpose fire extinguisher that can handle various fire types. However, make sure your extinguisher is the right type for the kind of fire you’re facing (e.g., paper, oil, or electrical).

Types of Fire Extinguishers

– Class A: For ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, and cloth.

– Class B: For flammable liquids, such as oil and gasoline.

– Class C: For electrical fire involving appliances or wiring.

– Class D: For flammable metals.

– Class K: For cooking oils and fats, typically in kitchens.

Step 1: Assess the Situation

Before you grab a fire extinguisher, ensure it’s safe to use. If the fire is small (like in a pan or trash can), and you have a clear escape path, it’s safe to use a fire extinguisher. 

Step 2: Remember the PASS Technique

Remember the PASS technique when using a fire extinguisher. PASS stands for Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep.

1. Pull 

Start by pulling the safety pin at the top of the fire extinguisher. This pin prevents accidental discharge, so pulling it is the first step to activate the extinguisher.

2. Aim

Aim the fire extinguisher nozzle or hose at the base of the fire, not the flames. Fires spread from the base, so aiming there is the most effective way to put them out.

3. Squeeze

Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent. Hold the handle firmly and apply steady pressure.

4. Sweep  

Sweep the nozzle side to side across the base of the fire. Continue sweeping until the fire is completely out. Keep a close eye on the fire to ensure it doesn’t reignite.

Step 3: Stand at a Safe Distance

When using the fire extinguisher, stand about 6 to 8 feet from the fire. This distance helps you stay safe while ensuring the extinguisher can reach the flames effectively. 

Most extinguishers range from about 8 to 12 feet, so standing at the right distance is necessary for accurate control.

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Step 4: Watch for Re-Ignition

Once you believe the fire is out, keep an eye on the area for a few moments to ensure it doesn’t reignite. Sometimes, small materials can cause the fire to start again. If the fire reappears, repeat the PASS steps.

Step 5: Evacuate and Call for Help if Needed

If the fire seems out of control or reignites and grows larger, don’t hesitate to leave the area. Close the door behind you to contain the fire and call emergency services immediately. 

Understanding how to use a fire extinguisher can make all the difference in a fire emergency. By following these simple steps and using the PASS technique, you can confidently and safely respond to fire emergencies.