Diabetes and the feet

Kindly let me know how Diabetes can affect the feet.

Chike (by SMS)

Diabetes can damage the nerves, a condition known as diabetic neuropathy. Neuropathy commonly affects the feet and legs, causing symptoms such as numbness, tingling, burning sensations, or loss of sensation. When nerves in the feet are damaged, individuals may not be able to feel pain, temperature changes, or injuries, increasing the risk of developing foot ulcers or infections.

Diabetes can also lead to peripheral arterial disease, a condition characterized by narrowing or blockages in the blood vessels that supply the legs and feet. Reduced blood flow to the feet can lead to poor wound healing, increased risk of infection, and tissue damage. PAD can also cause symptoms such as leg pain, cramping, or weakness, particularly during walking or exercise.

Neuropathy and vascular disease can increase the risk of developing foot ulcers, which are open sores or wounds on the feet. Neuropathy may prevent individuals from feeling minor injuries or pressure points, leading to unnoticed trauma or friction that can develop into ulcers. Additionally, reduced blood flow to the feet can impair the body’s ability to heal wounds, increasing the risk of complications. Diabetes can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.

Foot ulcers, cuts, or injuries that go unnoticed or untreated due to neuropathy can become infected and may progress to more severe complications, such as cellulitis (a bacterial skin infection), osteomyelitis (bone infection), or gangrene (tissue death). Charcot foot is a complication of diabetes characterized by weakened bones and joint deformities in the foot. It typically occurs in individuals with neuropathy who continue to walk on a foot that has sustained repeated trauma or injury.

Charcot foot can lead to instability, fractures, and joint dislocations, increasing the risk of foot ulcers and other complications. To minimize the risk of foot complications associated with diabetes, individuals should practice good foot care habits, including regular inspection of the feet, wearing proper footwear, keeping the feet clean and dry, avoiding barefoot walking, and seeking prompt medical attention for any foot problems or injuries.

Additionally, individuals with diabetes should work closely with healthcare providers to manage blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels, as well as receive regular foot exams as part of their diabetes care plan.

Read Also: Anyigba Robbery: Police deploy tactical teams in Kogi